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Mepivacaine

Catalog No. DB00961 Name DrugBank
CAS Number 96-88-8 Website http://www.ualberta.ca/
M. F. C15H22N2O Telephone (780) 492-3111
M. W. 246.34798 Fax (780) 492-1071
Purity Email david.wishart@ualberta.ca
Storage Chembase ID: 837

SYNONYMS

IUPAC name
N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1-methylpiperidine-2-carboxamide
IUPAC Traditional name
mepivacaine
Brand Name
Scandonest Plain
Polocaine
Arestocaine HCL
Carbocain
Carbocaine
Isocaine HCL
Polocaine-MPF
Scandicain
Scandicaine
Scandicane
Synonyms
S-Ropivacaine Mesylate
Mepivacaina [INN-Spanish]
Mepivacaine HCL
Mepivacainum [INN-Latin]
Mepivicaine
DL-Mepivacaine
mepivacaine hydrochloride

DATABASE IDS

PubChem CID 4062
PubChem SID 46507857
CAS Number 96-88-8

PROPERTIES

Hydrophobicity(logP) 2.2
Solubility Soluble (7000 mg/L)

DETAILS

Description (English)
Item Information
Drug Groups approved
Description A local anesthetic that is chemically related to bupivacaine but pharmacologically related to lidocaine. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168)
Indication For production of local or regional analgesia and anesthesia by local infiltration, peripheral nerve block techniques, and central neural techniques including epidural and caudal blocks.
Pharmacology Mepivicaine is a local anesthetic of the amide type. Mepivicaine as a reasonably rapid onset and medium duration and is known by the proprietary names as Carbocaine and Polocaine. Mepivicaine is used in local infiltration and regional anesthesia. Systemic absorption of local anesthetics produces effects on the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. At blood concentrations achieved with normal therapeutic doses, changes in cardiac conduction, excitability, refractoriness, contractility, and peripheral vascular resistance are minimal.
Toxicity The mean seizure dosage of mepivacaine in rhesus monkeys was found to be 18.8 mg/kg with mean arterial plasma concentration of 24.4 µg/mL. The intravenous and subcutaneous LD 50 in mice is 23 mg/kg to 35 mg/kg and 280 mg/kg respectively.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
Biotransformation Rapidly metabolized, with only a small percentage of the anesthetic (5 percent to 10 percent) being excreted unchanged in the urine. The liver is the principal site of metabolism, with over 50% of the administered dose being excreted into the bile as metabolites.
Absorption Absorbed locally. The rate of systemic absorption of local anesthetics is dependent upon the total dose and concentration of drug administered, the route of administration, the vascularity of the administration site, and the presence or absence of epinephrine in the anesthetic solution.
Half Life The half-life of mepivacaine in adults is 1.9 to 3.2 hours and in neonates 8.7 to 9 hours.
Protein Binding Mepivacaine is approximately 75% bound to plasma proteins. Generally, the lower the plasma concentration of drug, the higher the percentage of drug bound to plasma.
Elimination It is rapidly metabolized, with only a small percentage of the anesthetic (5 percent to 10 percent) being excreted unchanged in the urine.The liver is the principal site of metabolism, with over 50% of the administered dose being excreted into the bile as metabolites.
External Links
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REFERENCES