Carboplatin

• Catalog No.: DB00958
• CAS Number: 41575-94-4
• M. F.: C6H12N2O4Pt
• M. W.: 371.24848

SYNONYMS

• IUPAC name: 6,8-dioxa-7-platinaspiro[3.5]nonane-5,9-dione diamine
• IUPAC Traditional name: 6,8-dioxa-7-platinaspiro[3.5]nonane-5,9-dione diamine
• Brand Name: Paraplatin-AQ; Paraplatin
• Synonyms: CBDCA; cis-Diammine(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato)platinum(II)

DATABASE IDS

• PubChem CID: 38904
• PubChem SID: 46507170
• CAS Number: 41575-94-4

DETAILS

Description (English)

• Drug Groups: approved
• Description: An organoplatinum compound that possesses antineoplastic activity. [PubChem]
• Indication: For the initial treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma in established combination with other approved chemotherapeutic agents. One established combination regimen consists of PARAPLATIN and cyclophosphamide.
• Pharmacology: Carboplatin is an antineoplastic in the class of alkylating agents and is used to treat various forms of cancer. Alkylating agents are so named because of their ability to add alkyl groups to many electronegative groups under conditions present in cells. They stop tumor growth by cross-linking guanine bases in DNA double-helix strands - directly attacking DNA. This makes the strands unable to uncoil and separate. As this is necessary in DNA replication, the cells can no longer divide. In addition, these drugs add methyl or other alkyl groups onto molecules where they do not belong which in turn inhibits their correct utilization by base pairing and causes a miscoding of DNA. Alkylating agents are cell cycle-nonspecific. Alkylating agents work by three different mechanisms all of which achieve the same end result - disruption of DNA function and cell death.
• Toxicity: Toxic by ingestion. May be create toxic effect through inhalation or skin contact. May cause reproductive defects. May act as a sensitizer.; ORL-RAT LD₅₀ 343 mg kg-1; SCN-RAT LD₅₀ 72 mg kg-1; IPN-MUS LD₅₀ 118 mg kg-1
• Affected Organisms: Humans and other mammals
• Half Life: 1.1-2 hours
• Protein Binding: Very low
• Elimination: The major route of elimination of carboplatin is renal excretion.
• Distribution: * 16 L
• Clearance: * 4.4 L/h [Patients with Clcr >= 60 mL/min receiving IV infusion of 300 to 500 mg/m2]
• References: Natarajan G, Malathi R, Holler E: Increased DNA-binding activity of cis-1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylatodiammineplatinum(II) (carboplatin) in the presence of nucleophiles and human breast cancer MCF-7 cell cytoplasmic extracts: activation theory revisited. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Nov 15;58(10):1625-9. [Pubmed] ; Knox RJ, Friedlos F, Lydall DA, Roberts JJ: Mechanism of cytotoxicity of anticancer platinum drugs: evidence that cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) and cis-diammine-(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato)platinum(II) differ only in the kinetics of their interaction with DNA. Cancer Res. 1986 Apr;46(4 Pt 2):1972-9. [Pubmed] ; Canetta R, Rozencweig M, Carter SK: Carboplatin: the clinical spectrum to date. Cancer Treat Rev. 1985 Sep;12 Suppl A:125-36. [Pubmed]
• External Links: Wikipedia; RxList; Drugs.com

REFERENCES

• Knox RJ, Friedlos F, Lydall DA, Roberts JJ: Mechanism of cytotoxicity of anticancer platinum drugs: evidence that cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) and cis-diammine-(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato)platinum(II) differ only in the kinetics of their interaction with DNA. Cancer Res. 1986 Apr;46(4 Pt 2):1972-9. Pubmed
• Canetta R, Rozencweig M, Carter SK: Carboplatin: the clinical spectrum to date. Cancer Treat Rev. 1985 Sep;12 Suppl A:125-36. Pubmed
• Natarajan G, Malathi R, Holler E: Increased DNA-binding activity of cis-1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylatodiammineplatinum(II) (carboplatin) in the presence of nucleophiles and human breast cancer MCF-7 cell cytoplasmic extracts: activation theory revisited. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Nov 15;58(10):1625-9. Pubmed