| Item |
Information |
|
Drug Groups
|
approved |
|
Description
|
A vasodilator used in the treatment of angina pectoris. Its actions are similar to nitroglycerin but with a slower onset of action. [PubChem] |
| Indication |
For the prevention of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease. |
| Pharmacology |
Isosorbide Dinitrate is a moderate to long acting oral organic nitrate used for the relief and prophylactic management of angina pectoris. It relaxes the vascular smooth muscle and consequent dilatation of peripheral arteries and veins, especially the latter. Dilatation of the veins promotes peripheral pooling of blood and decreases venous return to the heart, thereby reducing left ventricular end- diastolic pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (preload). Arteriolar relaxation reduces systemic vascular resistance, systolic arterial pressure, and mean arterial pressure. |
| Toxicity |
Symptoms of overdose include reduced cardiac output and hypotension. |
| Affected Organisms |
| • |
Humans and other mammals |
|
| Biotransformation |
Hepatic |
| Absorption |
Absorption of isosorbide dinitrate after oral dosing is nearly complete, but bioavailability is highly variable (10% to 90%), with extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. The average bioavailability of isosorbide dinitrate is about 25%. |
| Half Life |
1 hour |
| Protein Binding |
Very low |
| Distribution |
* 2 to 4 L/kg |
| External Links |
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