Cyclopamine

• Catalog No.: S1146
• CAS Number: 4449-51-8
• M. F.: C27H41NO2
• M. W.: 411.61994
• Storage: -20°C

SYNONYMS

• IUPAC name: (3S,3'R,3'aS,6'S,6aS,6bS,7'aR,9R,11aS,11bR)-3',6',10,11b-tetramethyl-1,2,3,3'a,4,4',5',6,6',6a,6b,7,7',7'a,8,11,11a,11b-octadecahydro-3'H-spiro[cyclohexa[a]fluorene-9,2'-furo[3,2-b]pyridine]-3-ol
• IUPAC Traditional name: (3S,3'R,3'aS,6'S,6aS,6bS,7'aR,9R,11aS,11bR)-3',6',10,11b-tetramethyl-2,3,3'a,4,4',5',6,6',6a,6b,7,7',7'a,8,11,11a-hexadecahydro-1H,3'H-spiro[cyclohexa[a]fluorene-9,2'-furo[3,2-b]pyridine]-3-ol
• Synonyms: 11-deoxojervine

DATABASE IDS

• CAS Number: 4449-51-8

PROPERTIES

• Target: Hedgehog
• Salt Data: Free Base
• Solubility: DMSO
• Storage Condition: -20°C

DETAILS

Description (English)

Research Area

• Description: Cancer

Biological Activity

• Description: Cyclopamine is a specific Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway antagonist of Smoothened (Smo) with IC50 of 46 nM.
• Targets: Smoothened (Smo)
• IC50: 46 nM ^[1]
• In Vitro: Cyclopamine inhibits the Hedgehog signaling pathway with an IC50 of 46 nM, and blocks the activity of human Smo receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells in [^3H]Hh-Ag binding assay with an IC50 of 280 nM. ^[1] Cyclopamine significantly inhibits Hedgehog pathway activity in a dose-dependent manner in gut-derived tumor cell lines expressing Patched (PTCH) mRNA, and induces growth inhibition of those tumor cell lines by 75-95% at the concentration of 3 μM, but ineffective towards the colon tumor cells without PTCH mRNA expression, suggesting the effects of Cyclopamine treatment are Hedgehog pathway related rather than generally cytotoxic. ^[2] By blocking Hedgehog signaling through direct interaction with Smo, Cyclopamine (10 μM) inhibits the proliferation of SMO^high Cyclopamine-responsive cell lines L3.6sl and Panc 05.04 by 75-80%, and increases the apoptosis by 2.5- to 3.5-fold, without affecting the BxPC3-SMO^low cell line. ^[3] Cyclopamine treatment significantly decreases of Snail mRNA and increasea E-cadherin transcripts in the E3LZ10.7 cell line. Independent of inhibition of cell growth, Cyclopamine treatment significantly inhibits the invasive phenotype of Hedgehog-dependent L3.6pl cells, causing a >500-fold reduction in the number of transmigrating cells, but not that of the Hedgehog-independent cell line Panc-1. ^[4]
• In Vivo: Administration of Cyclopamine at dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 22 days eradicates the HUCCT1 xenografts in mice with no obvious adverse effects. ^[2] Cyclopamine treatment at dose of 1.2 mg for 7 days induces significant apoptosis of tumor cells and decreases the tumor mass by 50-60% in Panc 05.04- and L3.6sl-derived tumors, respectively, but not in the BxPC3-SMO^low tumors. [3] Administration of Cyclopamine alone profoundly inhibits tumor metastases in xenografts of E3LZ10.7 and L3.6pl, and completely abrogates metastases when in combination of gemcitabine. ^[4]

Protocol

• Protocol: Kinase Assay ^[1]
• Hedgehog cell assay: This assay measures the end stage of the Hh signaling pathway, that is, the transcriptional modulation of Gli, using Luciferase as readout (Gli-Luc assay). Cyclopamine is prepared for assay by serial dilution in DMSO and then added to empty assay plates. TM3Hh12 cells (TM3 cells containing Hh-responsive reporter gene construct pTA-8xGli-Luc) are resuspended in F12 Ham’s/DMEM (1:1) containing 5% FBS and 15 mM Hepes pH 7.3, added to assay plates and incubated with Cyclopamine for approximately 30 minutes at 37 °C in 5% CO₂. 1 nM Hh-Ag 1.5 is then added to assay plates and incubated at 37 °C in the presence of 5% CO₂. After 48 hours, either Bright-Glo or MTS reagent is added to the assay plates and luminescence or absorbance at 492 nm is determined. IC50 value, defined as the inflection point of the logistic curve, is determined by non-linear regression of the Gli-driven luciferase luminescence or absorbance signal from MTS assay vs log10 (concentration) of Cyclopamine using the R statistical software package.
• Protocol: Cell Assay ^[2]
• Cell Lines: SEG1, OE33, KYAE, KYSE180, SNU1, AGS, SNU16, NCI-N-87, HUCCT1, PANC1, PL5, PL6, BXPC3, HS766T, KYSE150, GBD1, DLD1, and HCT116
• Concentrations: Dissolved in DMSO, final concentration 3 μM
• Incubation Time: 4 days
• Methods: Cells are exposed to Cyclopamine in 96-well plates. Cell viability is measured by MTS (soluble tetrazolium salt) assay. Viable cell mass is determined by optical density measurements at 490 nm (OD₄₉₀) at 2 and 4 days using the CellTiter96 colorimetric assay. Relative growth is calculated as OD (day 4)﹣OD (day 2)/OD (day 2).
• Protocol: Animal Study ^[2]
• Animal Models: Athymic (nude) mice inoculated subcutaneously with HUCCT1 cells
• Formulation: Dissolved in DMSO, and diluted in saline
• Doses: 50 mg/kg/day
• Administration: Subcutaneous injection

References

• References: [1] Peukert S, et al. Bioorg Med Chem Lett, 2009, 19(2), 328-331.
• References: [2] Berman DM, et al. Nature, 2003, 425(6960), 846-851.
• References: [3] Thayer SP, et al. Nature, 2003, 425(6960), 851-856.
• References: [4] Feldmann G, et al. Cancer Res, 2007, 67(5), 2187-2196.

REFERENCES

• Peukert S, et al. Bioorg Med Chem Lett, 2009, 19(2), 328-331.
• Berman DM, et al. Nature, 2003, 425(6960), 846-851.
• Thayer SP, et al. Nature, 2003, 425(6960), 851-856.
• Feldmann G, et al. Cancer Res, 2007, 67(5), 2187-2196.