Lorazepam

• Catalog No.: DB00186
• CAS Number: 846-49-1
• M. F.: C15H10Cl2N2O2
• M. W.: 321.1581

SYNONYMS

• IUPAC name: 7-chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one
• IUPAC Traditional name: @lorazepam
• Brand Name: Lorabenz; Loraz; Bonatranquan; Almazine; Sedazin; Emotival; Alzapam; Anxiedin; Aplacassee; Lorazepam Intensol; Pro Dorm; Securit; Sedatival; Somagerol; Wypax; Ativan; Delormetazepam; Idalprem; Lorax; Lorsilan; Psicopax; Punktyl; Quait; Tavor; Temesta
• Synonyms: (+/-)-Lorazepam; O-Chlorooxazepam; L-Lorazepam Acetate; O-Chloroxazepam

DATABASE IDS

• CAS Number: 846-49-1
• PubChem SID: 46508468
• PubChem CID: 3958

PROPERTIES

• Hydrophobicity(logP): 3.5
• Solubility: 0.08 mg/mL

DETAILS

Description (English)

• Drug Groups: approved
• Description: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent. [PubChem]
• Indication: For the management of anxiety disorders, and for treatment of status epilepticus.
• Pharmacology: Lorazepam, a benzodiazepine not transformed to active metabolites, is used to treat anxiety, status epilepticus, and for sedation induction and anterograde amnesia.
• Toxicity: Somnolence, confusion, and coma, LD₅₀=3178mg/kg (orally in mice).
• Affected Organisms: Humans and other mammals
• Biotransformation: Hepatic
• Absorption: Readily absorbed with an absolute bioavailability of 90%.
• Half Life: 12 hours
• Protein Binding: 85%
• Elimination: Lorazepam is rapidly conjugated at its 3-hydroxy group into lorazepam glucuronide which is then excreted in the urine.
• References: Kemper N, Poser W, Poser S: [Benzodiazepine dependence: addiction potential of the benzodiazepines is greater than previously assumed (author's transl)] Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1980 Dec 5;105(49):1707-12. [Pubmed] ; Lader M: Short-term versus long-term benzodiazepine therapy. Curr Med Res Opin. 1984;8 Suppl 4:120-6. [Pubmed] ; Maltais F, Laberge F, Laviolette M: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of lorazepam as premedication for bronchoscopy. Chest. 1996 May;109(5):1195-8. [Pubmed] ; Heisterkamp DV, Cohen PJ: The effect of intravenous premedication with lorazepam (ativan), pentobarbitone or diazepam on recall. Br J Anaesth. 1975 Jan;47(1):79-81. [Pubmed] ; Milligan DW, Howard MR, Judd A: Premedication with lorazepam before bone marrow biopsy. J Clin Pathol. 1987 Jun;40(6):696-8. [Pubmed]
• External Links: Wikipedia; RxList; Drugs.com

REFERENCES

• Kemper N, Poser W, Poser S: [Benzodiazepine dependence: addiction potential of the benzodiazepines is greater than previously assumed (author's transl)] Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1980 Dec 5;105(49):1707-12. Pubmed
• Lader M: Short-term versus long-term benzodiazepine therapy. Curr Med Res Opin. 1984;8 Suppl 4:120-6. Pubmed
• Maltais F, Laberge F, Laviolette M: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of lorazepam as premedication for bronchoscopy. Chest. 1996 May;109(5):1195-8. Pubmed
• Heisterkamp DV, Cohen PJ: The effect of intravenous premedication with lorazepam (ativan), pentobarbitone or diazepam on recall. Br J Anaesth. 1975 Jan;47(1):79-81. Pubmed
• Milligan DW, Howard MR, Judd A: Premedication with lorazepam before bone marrow biopsy. J Clin Pathol. 1987 Jun;40(6):696-8. Pubmed