| Item |
Information |
|
Drug Groups
|
approved; investigational |
|
Description
|
A volatile vasodilator which relieves angina pectoris by stimulating guanylate cyclase and lowering cytosolic calcium. [PubChem] |
| Indication |
For the prevention of angina |
| Pharmacology |
Nitroglycerin, an organic nitrate, is available in many forms as a vasodilator. Nitroglycerin is used in the treatement of angina pectoris and perioperative hypertension, to produce controlled hypotension during surgical procedures, to treat hypertensive emergencies, and to treat congestive heart failure associated with myocardial infarction. |
| Toxicity |
Increased intracranial pressure, with any or all of persistent throbbing headache, confusion, and moderate fever; Vertigo; Palpitations; Visual disturbances; Nausea and vomiting (possibly with colic and even bloody diarrhea); Syncope (especially in the upright posture); Air hunger and dyspnea, later followed by reduced ventilatory effort; Diaphoresis, with the skin either flushed or cold and clammy; Heart block and bradycardia; Paralysis; Coma; Seizures; Death. |
| Affected Organisms |
| • |
Humans and other mammals |
|
| Biotransformation |
Hepatic, cytochrome P450 (P450) is a key enzyme of organic nitrate biotransformation |
| Half Life |
3 minutes |
| Distribution |
* 3 L/kg |
| Clearance |
* 1 L/kg/min |
| External Links |
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