Home > Compound List > Product Information
Cyclothiazide_Molecular_structure_CAS_2259-96-3)
Click picture or here to close

Cyclothiazide

Catalog No. DB00606 Name DrugBank
CAS Number 2259-96-3 Website http://www.ualberta.ca/
M. F. C14H16ClN3O4S2 Telephone (780) 492-3111
M. W. 389.87754 Fax (780) 492-1071
Purity Email david.wishart@ualberta.ca
Storage Chembase ID: 488

SYNONYMS

IUPAC name
3-{bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl}-6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1$l^{6},2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide
IUPAC Traditional name
cyclothiazide
Brand Name
Fluidil
Doburil
Aquirel
Anhydron
Renazide
Valmiran
Synonyms
Ciclotiazida [INN-Spanish]
Ciclotiazide [DCIT]
Cyclothiazidum [INN-Latin]

DATABASE IDS

CAS Number 2259-96-3
PubChem CID 2910
PubChem SID 46508269

PROPERTIES

Hydrophobicity(logP) 1.6

DETAILS

Description (English)
Item Information
Drug Groups approved
Description As a diuretic, cyclothiazide inhibits active chloride reabsorption at the early distal tubule via the Na-Cl cotransporter, resulting in an increase in the excretion of sodium, chloride, and water. Thiazides like cyclothiazide also inhibit sodium ion transport across the renal tubular epithelium through binding to the thiazide sensitive sodium-chloride transporter. This results in an increase in potassium excretion via the sodium-potassium exchange mechanism. The antihypertensive mechanism of cyclothiazide is less well understood although it may be mediated through its action on carbonic anhydrases in the smooth muscle or through its action on the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channel, also found in the smooth muscle. Cyclothiazide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and corticosteroid and estrogen therapy. It is also indicated in the management of hypertension either as the sole therapeutic agent or to enhance the effectiveness of other antihypertensive drugs in the more severe forms of hypertension.
Indication Cyclothiazide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and corticosteroid and estrogen therapy. It is also indicated in the management of hypertension either as the sole therapeutic agent or to enhance the effectiveness of other antihypertensive drugs in the more severe forms of hypertension.
Pharmacology Like other thiazides, cyclothiazide promotes water loss from the body (diuretics). It inhibits Na+/Cl- reabsorption from the distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys. Thiazides also cause loss of potassium and an increase in serum uric acid. Thiazides are often used to treat hypertension, but their hypotensive effects are not necessarily due to their diuretic activity. Thiazides have been shown to prevent hypertension-related morbidity and mortality although the mechanism is not fully understood. Thiazides cause vasodilation by activating calcium-activated potassium channels (large conductance) in vascular smooth muscles and inhibiting various carbonic anhydrases in vascular tissue. Cyclothiazide affects the distal renal tubular mechanism of electrolyte reabsorption. At maximal therapeutic dosages, all thiazides are approximately equal in their diuretic efficacy. Cyclothiazide increases excretion of sodium and chloride in approximately equivalent amounts. Natriuresis may be accompanied by some loss of potassium and bicarbonate.
Toxicity Oral LD50 in mouse is > 10000 mg/kg, and > 4000 mg/kg in rat. Signs of overdose include those caused by electrolyte depletion (hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hyponatremia) and dehydration resulting from excessive diuresis. If digitalis has also been administered hypokalemia may accentuate cardiac arrhythmias.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals

REFERENCES