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Atropine

Catalog No. DB00572 Name DrugBank
CAS Number 51-55-8 Website http://www.ualberta.ca/
M. F. C17H23NO3 Telephone (780) 492-3111
M. W. 289.36942 Fax (780) 492-1071
Purity Email david.wishart@ualberta.ca
Storage Chembase ID: 454

SYNONYMS

IUPAC name
(1R,5S)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate
IUPAC Traditional name
hyoscyamine
Brand Name
Atropine Sulfate Ansyr Plastic Syringe
Equipin
Minims Atropine
Atnaa
Isopto-atropine
Atropair
Atropine Care
Atropine Sulfate S.O.P.
Atropinol
Atrosulf
Homapin-10
Homapin-5
I-Tropine
Ocu-Tropine
Tropine tropate
Troyl tropate
Atropen
Atropin
Atropin-flexiolen
Atropisol
Eyesules
Isopto Atropine
Synonyms
DL-Tropyl tropate
Atropine Sulfate
Atropin [German]
Atropina [Italian]
DL-Hyoscyamine

DATABASE IDS

CAS Number 51-55-8

PROPERTIES

Hydrophobicity(logP) 1.8
Solubility Highly soluble (2200 mg/L)

DETAILS

Description (English)
Item Information
Drug Groups approved
Description An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly solanaceae. [PubChem]
Indication For the treatment of poisoning by susceptible organophosphorous nerve agents having cholinesterase activity as well as organophosphorous or carbamate insecticides.
Pharmacology Atropine, a naturally occurring belladonna alkaloid, is a racemic mixture of equal parts of d- and l-hyoscyamine, whose activity is due almost entirely to the levo isomer of the drug. Atropine is commonly classified as an anticholinergic or antiparasympathetic (parasympatholytic) drug. More precisely, however, it is termed an antimuscarinic agent since it antagonizes the muscarine-like actions of acetylcholine and other choline esters. Adequate doses of atropine abolish various types of reflex vagal cardiac slowing or asystole. The drug also prevents or abolishes bradycardia or asystole produced by injection of choline esters, anticholinesterase agents or other parasympathomimetic drugs, and cardiac arrest produced by stimulation of the vagus. Atropine may also lessen the degree of partial heart block when vagal activity is an etiologic factor. Atropine in clinical doses counteracts the peripheral dilatation and abrupt decrease in blood pressure produced by choline esters. However, when given by itself, atropine does not exert a striking or uniform effect on blood vessels or blood pressure.
Toxicity Oral, mouse: LD50 = 75 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose includes widespread paralysis of parasympathetically innervated organs. Dry mucous membranes, widely dilated and nonresponsive pupils, tachycardia, fever and cutaneous flush are especially prominent, as are mental and neurological symptoms. In instances of severe intoxication, respiratory depression, coma, circulatory collapse and death may occur.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
Biotransformation Much of the drug is destroyed by enzymatic hydrolysis, particularly in the liver. From 13 to 50% is excreted unchanged in the urine.
Absorption Atropine is rapidly and well absorbed after intramuscular administration. Atropine disappears rapidly from the blood and is distributed throughout the various body tissues and fluids.
Half Life 3.0 ± 0.9 hours in adults. The half-life of atropine is slightly shorter (approximately 20 minutes) in females than males.
Protein Binding The protein binding of atropine is 14 to 22% in plasma.
Elimination Much of the drug is destroyed by enzymatic hydrolysis, particularly in the liver; from 13 to 50% is excreted unchanged in the urine.
External Links
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REFERENCES