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Zanamivir

Catalog No. DB00558 Name DrugBank
CAS Number 139110-80-8 Website http://www.ualberta.ca/
M. F. C12H20N4O7 Telephone (780) 492-3111
M. W. 332.3098 Fax (780) 492-1071
Purity Email david.wishart@ualberta.ca
Storage Chembase ID: 440

SYNONYMS

IUPAC name
(2R,3R,4S)-4-[(diaminomethylidene)amino]-3-acetamido-2-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-carboxylic acid
IUPAC Traditional name
zanamivir
Brand Name
Relenza
Synonyms
GNA
Modified sialic acid
ZMR
Zanamavir
GANA

DATABASE IDS

PubChem CID 60855
PubChem SID 46508581
CAS Number 139110-80-8

PROPERTIES

Hydrophobicity(logP) -3
Solubility 7.31 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS]

DETAILS

Description (English)
Item Information
Drug Groups approved; investigational
Description A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit neuraminidase. [PubChem]
Indication For the prevention and treatment of influenza A and B.
Pharmacology Zanamivir, an antiviral agent, is a neuraminidase inhibitor indicated for treatment of uncomplicated acute illness due to influenza A and B virus in adults and pediatric patients 7 years and older who have been symptomatic for no more than 2 days. Zanamivir has also been shown to significantly inhibit the human sialidases NEU3 and NEU2 in the micromolar range (Ki 3.7 +/-0.48 and 12.9+/-0.07 microM, respectively), which could account for some of the rare side effects of zanamivir.
Affected Organisms
Influenza A virus
Influenza B virus
Biotransformation Not metabolized
Absorption Absolute bioavailability is very low following oral administration (2%). Following oral inhalation, bioavailability is 4% to 17%.
Half Life 2.5-5.1 hours
Protein Binding Zanamivir has limited plasma protein binding (<10%).
Elimination It is excreted unchanged in the urine with excretion of a single dose completed within 24 hours.
Unabsorbed drug is excreted in the feces.Zanamivir is renally excreted as unchanged drug.
Clearance * 2.5 - 10.9 L/h [Following oral inhalation 10 mg]
* 5.3 L/h [Normal renal function receiving IV single dose of 4 mg or 2 mg]
* 2.7 L/h [Patients with mild and moderate renal impairement receiving IV single dose of 4 mg or 2 mg]
* 0.8 L/h [Patients with severe renal impairement receiving IV single dose of 4 mg or 2 mg]
References
Meindl P, Bodo G, Palese P, Schulman J, Tuppy H: Inhibition of neuraminidase activity by derivatives of 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid. Virology. 1974 Apr;58(2):457-63. [Pubmed]
von Itzstein M, Wu WY, Kok GB, Pegg MS, Dyason JC, Jin B, Van Phan T, Smythe ML, White HF, Oliver SW, et al.: Rational design of potent sialidase-based inhibitors of influenza virus replication. Nature. 1993 Jun 3;363(6428):418-23. [Pubmed]
Hata K, Koseki K, Yamaguchi K, Moriya S, Suzuki Y, Yingsakmongkon S, Hirai G, Sodeoka M, von Itzstein M, Miyagi T: Limited Inhibitory Effects of Oseltamivir and Zanamivir on Human Sialidases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Aug 11. [Pubmed]
Sugaya N, Tamura D, Yamazaki M, Ichikawa M, Kawakami C, Kawaoka Y, Mitamura K: Comparison of the clinical effectiveness of oseltamivir and zanamivir against influenza virus infection in children. Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Aug 1;47(3):339-45. [Pubmed]
External Links
Wikipedia
RxList
Drugs.com

REFERENCES

  • Meindl P, Bodo G, Palese P, Schulman J, Tuppy H: Inhibition of neuraminidase activity by derivatives of 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid. Virology. 1974 Apr;58(2):457-63. Pubmed
  • von Itzstein M, Wu WY, Kok GB, Pegg MS, Dyason JC, Jin B, Van Phan T, Smythe ML, White HF, Oliver SW, et al.: Rational design of potent sialidase-based inhibitors of influenza virus replication. Nature. 1993 Jun 3;363(6428):418-23. Pubmed
  • Hata K, Koseki K, Yamaguchi K, Moriya S, Suzuki Y, Yingsakmongkon S, Hirai G, Sodeoka M, von Itzstein M, Miyagi T: Limited Inhibitory Effects of Oseltamivir and Zanamivir on Human Sialidases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Aug 11. Pubmed
  • Sugaya N, Tamura D, Yamazaki M, Ichikawa M, Kawakami C, Kawaoka Y, Mitamura K: Comparison of the clinical effectiveness of oseltamivir and zanamivir against influenza virus infection in children. Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Aug 1;47(3):339-45. Pubmed