Ethidium bromide

• Catalog No.: 46065
• CAS Number: 1239-45-8
• M. F.: C21H20BrN3
• M. W.: 394.3076
• Purity: ≥95.0% (HPLC)

SYNONYMS

• Title: 溴化乙啶
• IUPAC name: 3,8-diamino-5-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridin-5-ium bromide
• IUPAC Traditional name: ethidium bromide
• Synonyms: 3,8-Diamino-5-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridinium bromide; Homidium bromide; EtBr; 3,8-二氨基-5-乙基-6-苯基菲啶溴化物; 胡米溴铵

DATABASE IDS

• EC Number: 214-984-6
• Beilstein Number: 3642536
• PubChem SID: 24869723
• CAS Number: 1239-45-8
• MDL Number: MFCD00011724

PROPERTIES

• Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C21H20BrN3
• Grade: for fluorescence
• Purity: ≥95.0% (HPLC)
• Fluorescence: λex 480 nm; λem 620 nm in H2O
• Fluorescence: λex 530 nm; λem 600 nm in 50 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.0 (upon binding to DNA)
• Melting Point: 260-262 °C (dec.)(lit.)
• Solubility: H2O: soluble10 mg/mL, opaque, very dark red
• GHS Signal Word: Danger
• GHS Hazard statements: H302-H330-H341
• European Hazard Symbols: Highly toxic (T+)
• Personal Protective Equipment: Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face particle respirator type N100 (US), Gloves, respirator cartridge type N100 (US), type P1 (EN143) respirator filter, type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
• GHS Precautionary statements: P260-P281-P284-P310
• RID/ADR: UN 2811 6.1/PG 1
• Risk Statements: 22-26-68
• RTECS: SF7950000
• Safety Statements: 28-36/37-45-63
• Hazard Class: 6.1
• UN Number: 2811
• Packing Group: 1
• German water hazard class: 3

DETAILS

Description (English)

Biochem/physiol Actions
Ethidium bromide intercalates double-stranded DNA and RNA and acts as a frameshift mutagen. It can also be used in conjunction with acridine orange to differentiate between viable, apoptotic and necrotic cells.
Other Notes
Intercalating agent and fluorescent label for DNA. Review6; Destruction and decontamination of solutions7
Reconstitution
For staining a gel after electrophoresis, dilute a sample of the stock solution to 0.5 μg/ml with water and incubate the gel for 15-30 min. Destaining is usually not needed but can be carried out in water for 15 min if decreased background is necessary. The DNA bands can then be detected on a UV light box (254 nm wavelength). Ethidium bromide can also be incorporated into the gel and running buffer at 0.5 μg/ml and visualized immediately after electrophoresis.
Application
Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is the most commonly used nucleic acid stain for PAGE or agarose gel electrophoresis. The fluorescence of EtBr increases 21-fold upon binding to double-stranded RNA and 25-fold on binding double-stranded DNA so that destaining the background is not necessary with a low stain concentration (10 μg/ml). Ethidium bromide has been used in a number of fluorimetric assays for nucleic acids.1,2,3 It has been shown to bind to single-stranded DNA (although not as strongly) and triple-stranded DNA.4 Because of its ability to bind to DNA, EtBr is an inhibitor of DNA polymerase.5Frameshift mutagen which intercalates double-stranded DNA and RNA.

Description (简体中文)

Biochem/physiol Actions
溴化乙啶可插入双链 DNA 和 RNA 中，并作为移码诱变剂。它还可与吖啶橙结合用于区分存活的、凋亡的和坏死的细胞。
Other Notes
Intercalating agent and fluorescent label for DNA. Review6; Destruction and decontamination of solutions7
Reconstitution
对于在电泳后进行凝胶染色，应先用水将储存液样品稀释到 0.5μg/ml，再将凝胶孵育 15-30 分钟。通常无需脱色，但是如果必须降低背景色，则可在水中脱色 15 分钟。然后可在紫外灯箱（254nm 波长）中检测 DNA 条带。也可将溴化乙啶加到凝胶和电泳缓冲液（终浓度 0.5μg/ml）中，并在电泳后立即显影。
Application
Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is the most commonly used nucleic acid stain for PAGE or agarose gel electrophoresis. The fluorescence of EtBr increases 21-fold upon binding to double-stranded RNA and 25-fold on binding double-stranded DNA so that destaining the background is not necessary with a low stain concentration (10 μg/ml). Ethidium bromide has been used in a number of fluorimetric assays for nucleic acids.1,2,3 It has been shown to bind to single-stranded DNA (although not as strongly) and triple-stranded DNA.4 Because of its ability to bind to DNA, EtBr is an inhibitor of DNA polymerase.5Frameshift mutagen which intercalates double-stranded DNA and RNA.