Ethidium bromide solution

• Catalog No.: 46067
• CAS Number: 1239-45-8
• M. F.: C21H20BrN3
• M. W.: 394.3076

SYNONYMS

• Title: 溴化乙啶 溶液
• IUPAC name: 3,8-diamino-5-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridin-5-ium bromide
• IUPAC Traditional name: ethidium bromide
• Synonyms: 3,8-Diamino-5-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridinium bromide; Homidium bromide; EtBr; 3,8-二氨基-5-乙基-6-苯基菲啶溴化物; 胡米溴铵

DATABASE IDS

• PubChem SID: 24869725
• Beilstein Number: 3642536
• CAS Number: 1239-45-8
• MDL Number: MFCD00011724

PROPERTIES

• Concentration: ~1% in H2O
• Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C21H20BrN3
• Grade: for fluorescence
• Fluorescence: λex 480 nm; λem 620 nm in H2O
• Fluorescence: λex 518 nm; λem 605 nm (bound to DNA)
• Fluorescence: λex 530 nm; λem 600 nm in 50 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.0 (upon binding to DNA)
• GHS Signal Word: Danger
• GHS Hazard statements: H331-H341
• European Hazard Symbols: Toxic (T)
• Personal Protective Equipment: Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US), type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
• GHS Precautionary statements: P261-P281-P311
• RID/ADR: UN 2810 6.1/PG 3
• Risk Statements: 23-68
• Safety Statements: 36/37-45
• Storage Temperature: 2-8°C
• Hazard Class: 6.1
• UN Number: 2810
• Packing Group: 3
• German water hazard class: 2

DETAILS

Description (English)

Application
Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is the most commonly used nucleic acid stain for PAGE or agarose gel electrophoresis. The fluorescence of EtBr increases 21-fold upon binding to double-stranded RNA and 25-fold on binding double-stranded DNA so that destaining the background is not necessary with a low stain concentration (10 μg/ml). Ethidium bromide has been used in a number of fluorimetric assays for nucleic acids.1,2,3 It has been shown to bind to single-stranded DNA (although not as strongly) and triple-stranded DNA.4 Because of its ability to bind to DNA, EtBr is an inhibitor of DNA polymerase.5
Biochem/physiol Actions
Ethidium bromide intercalates double-stranded DNA and RNA and acts as a frameshift mutagen. It can also be used in conjunction with acridine orange to differentiate between viable, apoptotic and necrotic cells.
Reconstitution
For staining a gel after electrophoresis, dilute a sample of the stock solution to 0.5 μg/ml with water and incubate the gel for 15-30 min. Destaining is usually not needed but can be carried out in water for 15 min if decreased background is necessary. The DNA bands can then be detected on a UV light box (254 nm wavelength). Ethidium bromide can also be incorporated into the gel and running buffer at 0.5 μg/ml and visualized immediately after electrophoresis.

Description (简体中文)

Application
溴化乙啶 (EtBr) 为聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳或琼脂糖凝胶电泳中最常用的核酸染料。EtBr 在结合到双链 RNA 上时其荧光可提高 21 倍，在结合到双链 DNA 上可提高 25 倍，从而使得在低染料浓度 (10μg/ml) 下无需背景脱色。溴化乙啶已用于核酸的许多荧光分析。1,2,3已表明它可结合到单链 DNA（虽然强度不高）和三链 DNA 上。4由于 EtBr 能够结合到 DNA 上，因此它是 DNA 聚合酶的抑制剂。5
Biochem/physiol Actions
溴化乙啶可插入双链 DNA 和 RNA 中，并作为移码诱变剂。它还可与吖啶橙结合用于区分存活的、凋亡的和坏死的细胞。
Reconstitution
对于在电泳后进行凝胶染色，应先用水将储存液样品稀释到 0.5μg/ml，再将凝胶孵育 15-30 分钟。通常无需脱色，但是如果必须降低背景色，则可在水中脱色 15 分钟。然后可在紫外灯箱（254nm 波长）中检测 DNA 条带。也可将溴化乙啶加到凝胶和电泳缓冲液（终浓度 0.5μg/ml）中，并在电泳后立即显影。