Creatine

• Catalog No.: DB00148
• CAS Number: 57-00-1
• M. F.: C4H9N3O2
• M. W.: 131.13316

SYNONYMS

• IUPAC name: 2-(1-methylcarbamimidamido)acetic acid
• IUPAC Traditional name: creatine
• Brand Name: Phosphagen; Krebiozon; Cosmocair C 100; Creatin; Kreatin; Pyrolysate
• Synonyms: Creatine, hydrate; N-Methyl-N-guanylglycine; (alpha-Methylguanido)acetic acid; Creatine (8CI); N-Amidinosarcosine; Methylguanidoacetic acid

DATABASE IDS

• PubChem CID: 586
• PubChem SID: 46504868
• CAS Number: 57-00-1

PROPERTIES

• Hydrophobicity(logP): -0.2
• Solubility: 13.3 mg/mL at 18 oC [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]

DETAILS

Description (English)

• Drug Groups: approved; nutraceutical
• Description: An amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Creatine is excreted as creatinine in the urine. [PubChem]
• Indication: For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
• Pharmacology: Creatine is a essential, non-proteinaceous amino acid found in all animals and, in some plants. Creatine is synthesized in the kidney, liver and pancreas from L-arginine, glycine and L-methionine. Following its biosynthesis, creatine is transported to the skeletal muscle, heart, brain and other tissues. Most of the creatine is metabolized in these tissues to phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate). Phosphocreatine is a major energy storage form in the body. Supplemental creatine may have an energy-generating action during anaerobic exercise and may also have neuroprotective and cardioprotective actions.
• Affected Organisms: Humans and other mammals
• Half Life: 3 hours
• References: Burke DG, Chilibeck PD, Parise G, Tarnopolsky MA, Candow DG: Effect of alpha-lipoic acid combined with creatine monohydrate on human skeletal muscle creatine and phosphagen concentration. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2003 Sep;13(3):294-302. [Pubmed] ; Dangott B, Schultz E, Mozdziak PE: Dietary creatine monohydrate supplementation increases satellite cell mitotic activity during compensatory hypertrophy. Int J Sports Med. 2000 Jan;21(1):13-6. [Pubmed] ; Hespel P, Op't Eijnde B, Van Leemputte M, Urso B, Greenhaff PL, Labarque V, Dymarkowski S, Van Hecke P, Richter EA: Oral creatine supplementation facilitates the rehabilitation of disuse atrophy and alters the expression of muscle myogenic factors in humans. J Physiol. 2001 Oct 15;536(Pt 2):625-33. [Pubmed] ; Hultman E, Soderlund K, Timmons JA, Cederblad G, Greenhaff PL: Muscle creatine loading in men. J Appl Physiol. 1996 Jul;81(1):232-7. [Pubmed] ; Juhn M: Popular sports supplements and ergogenic aids. Sports Med. 2003;33(12):921-39. [Pubmed]
• External Links: Wikipedia; PDRhealth; Drugs.com

REFERENCES

• Burke DG, Chilibeck PD, Parise G, Tarnopolsky MA, Candow DG: Effect of alpha-lipoic acid combined with creatine monohydrate on human skeletal muscle creatine and phosphagen concentration. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2003 Sep;13(3):294-302. Pubmed
• Dangott B, Schultz E, Mozdziak PE: Dietary creatine monohydrate supplementation increases satellite cell mitotic activity during compensatory hypertrophy. Int J Sports Med. 2000 Jan;21(1):13-6. Pubmed
• Hespel P, Op't Eijnde B, Van Leemputte M, Urso B, Greenhaff PL, Labarque V, Dymarkowski S, Van Hecke P, Richter EA: Oral creatine supplementation facilitates the rehabilitation of disuse atrophy and alters the expression of muscle myogenic factors in humans. J Physiol. 2001 Oct 15;536(Pt 2):625-33. Pubmed
• Hultman E, Soderlund K, Timmons JA, Cederblad G, Greenhaff PL: Muscle creatine loading in men. J Appl Physiol. 1996 Jul;81(1):232-7. Pubmed
• Juhn M: Popular sports supplements and ergogenic aids. Sports Med. 2003;33(12):921-39. Pubmed