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Nitric Oxide

Catalog No. DB00435 Name DrugBank
CAS Number 10102-43-9 Website http://www.ualberta.ca/
M. F. NO Telephone (780) 492-3111
M. W. 30.0061 Fax (780) 492-1071
Purity Email david.wishart@ualberta.ca
Storage Chembase ID: 318

SYNONYMS

IUPAC name
nitroso
IUPAC Traditional name
nitric oxide
Brand Name
nitrogen protoxide
RCRA waste number P076
Mononitrogen monoxide
INOmax
Nitrogen monooxide
Nitric oxide trimer
Amidogen, oxo-
NMO
NO
Nitric oxide 10% by volume or more
Nitrogen monoxide
Nitrogen oxide
Nitrosyl radical

DATABASE IDS

PubChem CID 145068
CAS Number 10102-43-9
PubChem SID 46506897

PROPERTIES

Hydrophobicity(logP) 0
Solubility 9.49E+004 mg/L

DETAILS

Description (English)
Item Information
Drug Groups approved
Description Nitric oxide or Nitrogen monoxide is a chemical compound with chemical formula NO. This gas is an important signaling molecule in the body of mammals including humans and is an extremely important intermediate in the chemical industry. It is also a toxic air pollutant produced by automobile engines and power plants.

Nitric oxide (NO) should not be confused with nitrous oxide (N2O), a general anaesthetic, or with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) which is another poisonous air pollutant.

The nitric oxide molecule is a free radical, which is relevant to understanding its high reactivity. It reacts with the ozone in air to form nitrogen dioxide, signalled by the appearance of the reddish-brown color.
Indication For the treatment of term and near-term (>34 weeks) neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure
Pharmacology Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) occurs as a primary developmental defect or as a condition secondary to other diseases such as meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), pneumonia, sepsis, hyaline membrane disease, congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), and pulmonary hypoplasia. In these states, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is high, which results in hypoxemia secondary to right-to-left shunting of blood through the patent ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale. In neonates with PPHN, Nitric oxide improves oxygenation (as indicated by significant increases in PaO2). Nitric oxide appears to increase the partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) by dilating pulmonary vessels in better entilated areas of the lung, redistributing pulmonary blood flow away from lung regions with low ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratios toward regions with normal ratios.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
Biotransformation via pulmonary capillary bed
Absorption Nitric oxide is absorbed systemically after inhalation.
Half Life 2–6 seconds
Elimination Nitrate has been identified as the predominant nitric oxide metabolite excreted in the urine, accounting for >70% of the nitric oxide dose inhaled.
References
Pacher P, Beckman JS, Liaudet L: Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in health and disease. Physiol Rev. 2007 Jan;87(1):315-424. [Pubmed]
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REFERENCES

  • Pacher P, Beckman JS, Liaudet L: Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in health and disease. Physiol Rev. 2007 Jan;87(1):315-424. Pubmed