Glutathione

• Catalog No.: DB00143
• CAS Number: 70-18-8
• M. F.: C10H17N3O6S
• M. W.: 307.32348

SYNONYMS

• IUPAC name: (2S)-2-amino-4-{[(1R)-1-[(carboxymethyl)carbamoyl]-2-sulfanylethyl]carbamoyl}butanoic acid
• IUPAC Traditional name: glutathione
• Brand Name: Ledac; Tathion; Neuthion; Isethion; Copren
• Synonyms: N-(N-gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl)glycine; gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine; GSH; 5-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine; Gluthathione

DATABASE IDS

• PubChem CID: 124886
• PubChem SID: 46504598
• CAS Number: 70-18-8

PROPERTIES

• Hydrophobicity(logP): -6.4

DETAILS

Description (English)

• Drug Groups: approved; nutraceutical
• Description: A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides. [PubChem]
• Indication: For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
• Toxicity: ORL-MUS LD₅₀ 5000 mg/kg, IPR-MUS LD₅₀ 4020 mg/kg, SCU-MUS LD₅₀ 5000 mg/kg, IVN-RBT LD₅₀ > 2000 mg/kg, IMS-MUS LD₅₀ 4000 mg/kg
• Affected Organisms: Humans and other mammals
• Absorption: Research suggests that glutathione is not orally bioactive, and that very little of oral glutathione tablets or capsules is actually absorbed by the body.
• References: Struzynska L, Chalimoniuk M, Sulkowski G: The role of astroglia in Pb-exposed adult rat brain with respect to glutamate toxicity. Toxicology. 2005 Sep 1;212(2-3):185-94. [Pubmed] ; Witschi A, Reddy S, Stofer B, Lauterburg BH: The systemic availability of oral glutathione. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1992;43(6):667-9. [Pubmed] ; Yim CY, Hibbs JB Jr, McGregor JR, Galinsky RE, Samlowski WE: Use of N-acetyl cysteine to increase intracellular glutathione during the induction of antitumor responses by IL-2. J Immunol. 1994 Jun 15;152(12):5796-805. [Pubmed] ; Drevet JR: The antioxidant glutathione peroxidase family and spermatozoa: a complex story. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2006 May 16;250(1-2):70-9. Epub 2006 Jan 19. [Pubmed] ; Wu G, Fang YZ, Yang S, Lupton JR, Turner ND: Glutathione metabolism and its implications for health. J Nutr. 2004 Mar;134(3):489-92. [Pubmed]
• External Links: Wikipedia; PDRhealth

REFERENCES

• Drevet JR: The antioxidant glutathione peroxidase family and spermatozoa: a complex story. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2006 May 16;250(1-2):70-9. Epub 2006 Jan 19. Pubmed
• Wu G, Fang YZ, Yang S, Lupton JR, Turner ND: Glutathione metabolism and its implications for health. J Nutr. 2004 Mar;134(3):489-92. Pubmed
• Witschi A, Reddy S, Stofer B, Lauterburg BH: The systemic availability of oral glutathione. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1992;43(6):667-9. Pubmed
• Yim CY, Hibbs JB Jr, McGregor JR, Galinsky RE, Samlowski WE: Use of N-acetyl cysteine to increase intracellular glutathione during the induction of antitumor responses by IL-2. J Immunol. 1994 Jun 15;152(12):5796-805. Pubmed
• Struzynska L, Chalimoniuk M, Sulkowski G: The role of astroglia in Pb-exposed adult rat brain with respect to glutamate toxicity. Toxicology. 2005 Sep 1;212(2-3):185-94. Pubmed