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L-Glutamic Acid

Catalog No. DB00142 Name DrugBank
CAS Number 56-86-0 Website http://www.ualberta.ca/
M. F. C5H9NO4 Telephone (780) 492-3111
M. W. 147.12926 Fax (780) 492-1071
Purity Email david.wishart@ualberta.ca
Storage Chembase ID: 28

SYNONYMS

IUPAC name
(2S)-2-aminopentanedioic acid
IUPAC Traditional name
L-glutamic acid
Brand Name
Glutacid
Aciglut
Glusate
Glutamicol
Glutamidex
Glutaminol
Glutaton
Synonyms
Glutamic acid
L-Glutaminic acid
(2S)-2-Aminopentanedioic acid
1-Aminopropane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid
(S)-(+)-Glutamic acid
(S)-2-Aminopentanedioic acid
2-Aminoglutaric acid
L-(+)-Glutamic acid
Glutaminic acid
(S)-Glutamic acid
2-Aminopentanedioic acid
a-Glutamic acid
a-Aminoglutaric acid
L-a-Aminoglutaric acid
L-Glutamate

DATABASE IDS

PubChem SID 46505816
PubChem CID 33032
CAS Number 56-86-0

PROPERTIES

Hydrophobicity(logP) -3.3
Solubility 8.57 mg/mL at 25 oC [BULL,HB et al. (1978)]

DETAILS

Description (English)
Item Information
Drug Groups approved; nutraceutical
Description A peptide that is a homopolymer of glutamic acid. [PubChem]
Indication Considered to be nature's "Brain food" by improving mental capacities; helps speed the healing of ulcers; gives a "lift" from fatigue; helps control alcoholism, schizophrenia and the craving for sugar.
Pharmacology In addition to being one of the building blocks in protein synthesis, it is the most widespread neurotransmitter in brain function, as an excitatory neurotransmitter and as a precursor for the synthesis of GABA in GABAergic neurons.
Toxicity Glutamate causes neuronal damage and eventual cell death, particularly when NMDA receptors are activated, High dosages of glutamic acid may include symptoms such as headaches and neurological problems.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
Biotransformation Hepatic
Absorption Absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into the enterocytes.Absorption is efficient and occurs by an active transport mechanism.
References
Smith QR: Transport of glutamate and other amino acids at the blood-brain barrier. J Nutr. 2000 Apr;130(4S Suppl):1016S-22S. [Pubmed]
Okumoto S, Looger LL, Micheva KD, Reimer RJ, Smith SJ, Frommer WB: Detection of glutamate release from neurons by genetically encoded surface-displayed FRET nanosensors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jun 14;102(24):8740-5. Epub 2005 Jun 6. [Pubmed]
Reeds PJ, Burrin DG, Stoll B, Jahoor F: Intestinal glutamate metabolism. J Nutr. 2000 Apr;130(4S Suppl):978S-82S. [Pubmed]
Corrie JE, DeSantis A, Katayama Y, Khodakhah K, Messenger JB, Ogden DC, Trentham DR: Postsynaptic activation at the squid giant synapse by photolytic release of L-glutamate from a 'caged' L-glutamate. J Physiol. 1993 Jun;465:1-8. [Pubmed]
Augustin H, Grosjean Y, Chen K, Sheng Q, Featherstone DE: Nonvesicular release of glutamate by glial xCT transporters suppresses glutamate receptor clustering in vivo. J Neurosci. 2007 Jan 3;27(1):111-23. [Pubmed]
External Links
Wikipedia

REFERENCES

  • Smith QR: Transport of glutamate and other amino acids at the blood-brain barrier. J Nutr. 2000 Apr;130(4S Suppl):1016S-22S. Pubmed
  • Okumoto S, Looger LL, Micheva KD, Reimer RJ, Smith SJ, Frommer WB: Detection of glutamate release from neurons by genetically encoded surface-displayed FRET nanosensors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jun 14;102(24):8740-5. Epub 2005 Jun 6. Pubmed
  • Reeds PJ, Burrin DG, Stoll B, Jahoor F: Intestinal glutamate metabolism. J Nutr. 2000 Apr;130(4S Suppl):978S-82S. Pubmed
  • Corrie JE, DeSantis A, Katayama Y, Khodakhah K, Messenger JB, Ogden DC, Trentham DR: Postsynaptic activation at the squid giant synapse by photolytic release of L-glutamate from a 'caged' L-glutamate. J Physiol. 1993 Jun;465:1-8. Pubmed
  • Augustin H, Grosjean Y, Chen K, Sheng Q, Featherstone DE: Nonvesicular release of glutamate by glial xCT transporters suppresses glutamate receptor clustering in vivo. J Neurosci. 2007 Jan 3;27(1):111-23. Pubmed