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98048-97-6 molecular structure
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(2S,4S)-4-cyclohexyl-1-(2-{[2-methyl-1-(propanoyloxy)propoxy](4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl}acetyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid

ChemBase ID: 375
Molecular Formular: C30H46NO7P
Molecular Mass: 563.662501
Monoisotopic Mass: 563.30118945
SMILES and InChIs

SMILES:
P(=O)(OC(OC(=O)CC)C(C)C)(CC(=O)N1C[C@H](C2CCCCC2)C[C@H]1C(=O)O)CCCCc1ccccc1
Canonical SMILES:
CCC(=O)OC(C(C)C)OP(=O)(CC(=O)N1C[C@@H](C[C@H]1C(=O)O)C1CCCCC1)CCCCc1ccccc1
InChI:
InChI=1S/C30H46NO7P/c1-4-28(33)37-30(22(2)3)38-39(36,18-12-11-15-23-13-7-5-8-14-23)21-27(32)31-20-25(19-26(31)29(34)35)24-16-9-6-10-17-24/h5,7-8,13-14,22,24-26,30H,4,6,9-12,15-21H2,1-3H3,(H,34,35)/t25-,26+,30?,39?/m1/s1
InChIKey:
BIDNLKIUORFRQP-FKDWWROVSA-N

Cite this record

CBID:375 http://www.chembase.cn/molecule-375.html

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NAMES AND DATABASE IDS

NAMES AND DATABASE IDS

Names Database IDs
IUPAC name
(2S,4S)-4-cyclohexyl-1-(2-{[2-methyl-1-(propanoyloxy)propoxy](4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl}acetyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
IUPAC Traditional name
fosinopril
Brand Name
Acecor
Monopril
Staril
Synonyms
Fosinopril Sodium
Fosinopril
(2S,4S)-4-cyclohexyl-1-(2-{[2-methyl-1-(propanoyloxy)propoxy](4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl}acetyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
CAS Number
98048-97-6
MDL Number
MFCD00870759
PubChem SID
46506495
160963838
PubChem CID
55891

DATA SOURCES

DATA SOURCES

All Sources Commercial Sources Non-commercial Sources
Data Source Data ID Price
Enamine
EN300-118722 external link Add to cart Please log in.

CALCULATED PROPERTIES

CALCULATED PROPERTIES

JChem ALOGPS 2.1
Acid pKa 3.870143  H Acceptors
H Donor LogD (pH = 5.5) 3.8497143 
LogD (pH = 7.4) 2.1873627  Log P 5.4858 
Molar Refractivity 149.1196 cm3 Polarizability 59.49122 Å3
Polar Surface Area 110.21 Å2 Rotatable Bonds 15 
Lipinski's Rule of Five false 
Log P 4.71  LOG S -5.75 
Solubility (Water) 1.01e-03 g/l 

PROPERTIES

PROPERTIES

Physical Property Product Information Bioassay(PubChem)
Solubility
Insoluble expand Show data source
Hydrophobicity(logP)
6.3 expand Show data source
7.445 expand Show data source
Purity
95% expand Show data source

DETAILS

DETAILS

DrugBank DrugBank
DrugBank - DB00492 external link
Item Information
Drug Groups approved
Description Fosinopril is a phosphinic acid-containing ester prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly hydrolyzed to fosinoprilat, its principle active metabolite. Fosinoprilat inhibits ACE, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I (ATI) to angiotensin II (ATII). ATII regulates blood pressure and is a key component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Fosinopril may be used to treat mild to moderate hypertension, as an adjunct in the treatment of congestive heart failure, and to slow the rate of progression of renal disease in hypertensive individuals with diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy.
Indication For treating mild to moderate hypertension, use as an adjunct in treating congestive heart failure, and may be used to slow the rate of progression of renal disease in hypertensive individuals with diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy.
Pharmacology Following oral administration, fosinopril is rapidly and completely hydrolyzed to its principle active metabolite, fosinoprilat. Hydrolysis is thought to occur in the gastrointestinal mucosa and liver. Fosinoprilat is a competitive inhibitor of ACE, a peptidyl dipeptidase that is part of the RAAS. The RAAS is a homeostatic mechanism for regulating hemodynamics, water and electrolyte balance. During sympathetic stimulation or when renal blood pressure or blood flow is reduced, renin is released from the granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the kidneys. In the blood stream, renin cleaves circulating angiotensinogen to ATI, which is subsequently cleaved to ATII by ACE. ATII increases blood pressure using a number of mechanisms. First, it stimulates the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone travels to the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and collecting tubule of nephrons where it increases sodium and water reabsorption by increasing the number of sodium channels and sodium-potassium ATPases on cell membranes. Second, ATII stimulates the secretion of vasopressin (also known as antidiuretic hormone or ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland. ADH stimulates further water reabsorption from the kidneys via insertion of aquaporin-2 channels on the apical surface of cells of the DCT and collecting tubules. Third, ATII increases blood pressure through direct arterial vasoconstriction. Stimulation of the Type 1 ATII receptor on vascular smooth muscle cells leads to a cascade of events resulting in myocyte contraction and vasoconstriction. In addition to these major effects, ATII induces the thirst response via stimulation of hypothalamic neurons. ACE inhibitors inhibit the rapid conversion of ATI to ATII and antagonize RAAS-induced increases in blood pressure. ACE (also known as kininase II) is also involved in the enzymatic deactivation of bradykinin, a vasodilator. Inhibiting the deactivation of bradykinin increases bradykinin levels and may further sustain the effects of fosinoprilat by causing increased vasodilation and decreased blood pressure.
Toxicity Human overdoses of fosinopril have not been reported, but the most common manifestation of human fosinopril overdosage is likely to be hypotension. Oral doses of fosinopril at 2600 mg/kg in rats were associated with significant lethality. The most common adverse effects include dizzines, cough, fatigue, and headache.
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
Biotransformation Since fosinoprilat is not biotransformed after intravenous administration, fosinopril, not fosinoprilat, appears to be the precursor for the glucuronide and p-hydroxy metabolites.
Absorption Average absolute absorption is 36%. The primary site of absorption is the proximal small intestine (duodenum/jejunum). Food slows the rate of absorption with no effect on the extent of absorption.
Half Life 12 hours
Protein Binding Fosinoprilat is ≥95% protein bound
Elimination After oral administration of radiolabeled fosinopril, approximately half of the absorbed dose is excreted in the urine and the remainder is excreted in the feces.
Clearance * 26 - 39 mL/min [healthy]
References
David D, Jallad N, Germino FW, Willett MS, de Silva J, Weidner SM, Mills DJ: A Comparison of the Cough Profile of Fosinopril and Enalapril in Hypertensive Patients with a History of ACE Inhibitor-Associated Cough. Am J Ther. 1995 Oct;2(10):806-813. [Pubmed]
Sharma S, Deitchman D, Eni JS, Gelperin K, Ilgenfritz JP, Blumenthal M: The hemodynamic effects of long-term ACE inhibition with fosinopril in patients with heart failure. Fosinopril Hemodynamics Study Group. Am J Ther. 1999 Jul;6(4):181-9. [Pubmed]
External Links
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REFERENCES

REFERENCES

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  • • David D, Jallad N, Germino FW, Willett MS, de Silva J, Weidner SM, Mills DJ: A Comparison of the Cough Profile of Fosinopril and Enalapril in Hypertensive Patients with a History of ACE Inhibitor-Associated Cough. Am J Ther. 1995 Oct;2(10):806-813. Pubmed
  • • Sharma S, Deitchman D, Eni JS, Gelperin K, Ilgenfritz JP, Blumenthal M: The hemodynamic effects of long-term ACE inhibition with fosinopril in patients with heart failure. Fosinopril Hemodynamics Study Group. Am J Ther. 1999 Jul;6(4):181-9. Pubmed
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