(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid

• ChemBase ID: 18
• Molecular Formular: C18H30O2
• Molecular Mass: 278.4296
• Monoisotopic Mass: 278.2245802
• SMILES: OC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CC
• Canonical SMILES: CC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CCCCCCCC(=O)O
• InChI: InChI=1S/C18H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h3-4,6-7,9-10H,2,5,8,11-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b4-3-,7-6-,10-9-
• InChIKey: DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N

NAMES AND DATABASE IDS

Names

• IUPAC name: (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid
• IUPAC Traditional name: α linolenic acid; α-linolenic acid
• Synonyms: (9Z,12Z,15Z)-9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic Acid; (Z,Z,Z)-Octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic Acid; (all-Z)-9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic Acid; 9,12,15-all-cis-Octadecatrienoic Acid; all-cis-9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic Acid; cis-Δ9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid; α-Linolenic Acid; Linolenic Acid; (9Z,12Z,15Z)-Octadecatrienoic acid; 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid; ALA; alpha-Linolenate; linolenate; Alpha-Linolenic Acid

Database IDs

• CAS Number: 463-40-1
• PubChem SID: 46507620; 160963481
• PubChem CID: 5280934

CALCULATED PROPERTIES

JChem

• Acid pKa: 4.9881673
• H Acceptors: 2
• H Donor: 1
• LogD (pH = 5.5): 5.4320216
• LogD (pH = 7.4): 3.6783652
• Log P: 6.059955
• Molar Refractivity: 89.6354 cm^3
• Polarizability: 33.692265 Å^3
• Polar Surface Area: 37.3 Å^2
• Rotatable Bonds: 13
• Lipinski's Rule of Five: false

ALOGPS 2.1

• Log P: 6.62
• LOG S: -6.02
• Solubility (Water): 2.66e-04 g/l

PROPERTIES

Physical Property

• Solubility: 0.000124 mg/mL at 25 oC [MEYLAN,WM et al. (1996)]; Chloroform; Methanol
• Apperance: Colorless Oil
• Hydrophobicity(logP): 5.8

Safety Information

• Storage Condition: Refrigerator

DETAILS

DrugBank - DB00132

• Drug Groups: approved; nutraceutical
• Description: Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is a polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid. It is a component of many common vegetable oils and is important to human nutrition. [Wikipedia]
• Indication: For nutritional supplementation and for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
• Pharmacology: Alpha Linolenic Acid (ALA) is an 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acid with three double bonds. It is also called an omega-3 fatty acid, and is essential for all mammals. Alpha-linolenic acid (or omega 3 fatty acid) intake can decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases by 1) preventing arrhythmias that can lead to sudden cardiac death, 2) decreasing the risk of thrombosis (blood clot formation) that can lead to heart attack or stroke, 3) decreasing serum triglyceride levels, 4) slowing the growth of atherosclerotic plaque, 5) improving vascular endothelial function, 6) lowering blood pressure slightly, and 7) decreasing inflammation. ALA deficiencies can lead to visual problems and sensory neuropathy. Scaly and hemorrhagic skin or scalp inflammations may also develop.
• Affected Organisms: Humans and other mammals
• References: Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ: Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2002 Nov 19;106(21):2747-57. [Pubmed] ; Connor WE: Importance of n-3 fatty acids in health and disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jan;71(1 Suppl):171S-5S. [Pubmed] ; Brouwer IA, Katan MB, Zock PL: Dietary alpha-linolenic acid is associated with reduced risk of fatal coronary heart disease, but increased prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis. J Nutr. 2004 Apr;134(4):919-22. [Pubmed] ; Cho E, Hung S, Willett WC, Spiegelman D, Rimm EB, Seddon JM, Colditz GA, Hankinson SE: Prospective study of dietary fat and the risk of age-related macular degeneration. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Feb;73(2):209-18. [Pubmed] ; Lauritzen I, Blondeau N, Heurteaux C, Widmann C, Romey G, Lazdunski M: Polyunsaturated fatty acids are potent neuroprotectors. EMBO J. 2000 Apr 17;19(8):1784-93. [Pubmed]
• External Links: Wikipedia

Toronto Research Chemicals - L467650

An essential fatty acid. Occurs as the glyceride in most drying oils. Nutrient.

REFERENCES

• Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ: Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2002 Nov 19;106(21):2747-57. Pubmed
• Connor WE: Importance of n-3 fatty acids in health and disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jan;71(1 Suppl):171S-5S. Pubmed
• Brouwer IA, Katan MB, Zock PL: Dietary alpha-linolenic acid is associated with reduced risk of fatal coronary heart disease, but increased prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis. J Nutr. 2004 Apr;134(4):919-22. Pubmed
• Cho E, Hung S, Willett WC, Spiegelman D, Rimm EB, Seddon JM, Colditz GA, Hankinson SE: Prospective study of dietary fat and the risk of age-related macular degeneration. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Feb;73(2):209-18. Pubmed
• Lauritzen I, Blondeau N, Heurteaux C, Widmann C, Romey G, Lazdunski M: Polyunsaturated fatty acids are potent neuroprotectors. EMBO J. 2000 Apr 17;19(8):1784-93. Pubmed
• Folch, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 226, 497 (1957)
• Orban, E., et al.: J. Food Sci., 68, 128 (1957)
• Tritt, K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 53, 5304 (1957)