(2S,3R)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-6-amino-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S,3R)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S,3R)-2-{2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]-4-carbamoylbutanamido]acetamido}-3-hydroxybutanamido]-3-phenylpropanamido]-3-hydroxybutanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]-3-carboxypropanamido]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]hexanamido]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamido]-4-methylpentanamido]-3-carboxypropanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]-5-carbamimidamidopentanamido]-5-carbamimidamidopentanamido]propanamido]-4-carbamoylbutanamido]-3-carboxypropanamido]-3-phenylpropanamido]-3-methylbutanamido]-4-carbamoylbutanamido]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanamido]-4-methylpentanamido]-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanamido]-3-carbamoylpropanamido]-3-hydroxybutanoic acid

• ChemBase ID: 153945
• Molecular Formular: C153H225N43O49S
• Molecular Mass: 3482.7473
• Monoisotopic Mass: 3480.6157018
• SMILES: C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(cc1)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(cc1)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1c[nH]c2c1cccc2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1cnc[nH]1)N)O
• Canonical SMILES: NCCCC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)[C@H](O)C)CC(=O)N)CCSC)CC(C)C)Cc1c[nH]c2c1cccc2)CCC(=O)N)C(C)C)Cc1ccccc1)CC(=O)O)CCC(=O)N)C)CCCNC(=N)N)CCCNC(=N)N)CO)CC(=O)O)CC(C)C)Cc1ccc(cc1)O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1[nH]cnc1)N)CO)CCC(=O)N)Cc1ccccc1)CO)CC(=O)O)Cc1ccc(cc1)O)CO
• InChI: InChI=1S/C153H225N43O49S/c1-72(2)52-97(133(226)176-96(47-51-246-11)132(225)184-104(60-115(159)209)143(236)196-123(78(10)203)151(244)245)179-137(230)103(58-83-64-167-89-29-19-18-28-87(83)89)183-131(224)95(43-46-114(158)208)177-148(241)120(74(5)6)194-141(234)101(54-79-24-14-12-15-25-79)182-138(231)105(61-117(211)212)185-130(223)94(42-45-113(157)207)171-124(217)75(7)170-127(220)91(31-22-49-165-152(160)161)172-128(221)92(32-23-50-166-153(162)163)174-146(239)110(69-199)191-140(233)107(63-119(215)216)186-134(227)98(53-73(3)4)178-135(228)99(56-81-33-37-85(204)38-34-81)180-129(222)90(30-20-21-48-154)173-145(238)109(68-198)190-136(229)100(57-82-35-39-86(205)40-36-82)181-139(232)106(62-118(213)214)187-147(240)111(70-200)192-150(243)122(77(9)202)195-142(235)102(55-80-26-16-13-17-27-80)188-149(242)121(76(8)201)193-116(210)66-168-126(219)93(41-44-112(156)206)175-144(237)108(67-197)189-125(218)88(155)59-84-65-164-71-169-84/h12-19,24-29,33-40,64-65,71-78,88,90-111,120-123,167,197-205H,20-23,30-32,41-63,66-70,154-155H2,1-11H3,(H2,156,206)(H2,157,207)(H2,158,208)(H2,159,209)(H,164,169)(H,168,219)(H,170,220)(H,171,217)(H,172,221)(H,173,238)(H,174,239)(H,175,237)(H,176,226)(H,177,241)(H,178,228)(H,179,230)(H,180,222)(H,181,232)(H,182,231)(H,183,224)(H,184,225)(H,185,223)(H,186,227)(H,187,240)(H,188,242)(H,189,218)(H,190,229)(H,191,233)(H,192,243)(H,193,210)(H,194,234)(H,195,235)(H,196,236)(H,211,212)(H,213,214)(H,215,216)(H,244,245)(H4,160,161,165)(H4,162,163,166)/t75-,76+,77+,78+,88-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98-,99-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-,107-,108-,109-,110-,111-,120-,121-,122-,123-/m0/s1
• InChIKey: MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N

NAMES AND DATABASE IDS

Names

• IUPAC name: (2S,3R)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-6-amino-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S,3R)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S,3R)-2-{2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]-4-carbamoylbutanamido]acetamido}-3-hydroxybutanamido]-3-phenylpropanamido]-3-hydroxybutanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]-3-carboxypropanamido]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]hexanamido]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamido]-4-methylpentanamido]-3-carboxypropanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]-5-carbamimidamidopentanamido]-5-carbamimidamidopentanamido]propanamido]-4-carbamoylbutanamido]-3-carboxypropanamido]-3-phenylpropanamido]-3-methylbutanamido]-4-carbamoylbutanamido]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanamido]-4-methylpentanamido]-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanamido]-3-carbamoylpropanamido]-3-hydroxybutanoic acid
• IUPAC Traditional name: (2S,3R)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-6-amino-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S,3R)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S,3R)-2-{2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-amino-3-(3H-imidazol-4-yl)propanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]-4-carbamoylbutanamido]acetamido}-3-hydroxybutanamido]-3-phenylpropanamido]-3-hydroxybutanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]-3-carboxypropanamido]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]hexanamido]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamido]-4-methylpentanamido]-3-carboxypropanamido]-3-hydroxypropanamido]-5-carbamimidamidopentanamido]-5-carbamimidamidopentanamido]propanamido]-4-carbamoylbutanamido]-3-carboxypropanamido]-3-phenylpropanamido]-3-methylbutanamido]-4-carbamoylbutanamido]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanamido]-4-methylpentanamido]-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanamido]-3-carbamoylpropanamido]-3-hydroxybutanoic acid
• Synonyms: Glucagon; Glucagonoid; Glukagon; HG-Factor; Hyperglycemic-glycogenolytic Factor; Glucagon; 胰高血糖素

Database IDs

• CAS Number: 9007-92-5
• EC Number: 232-708-2
• MDL Number: MFCD00167532
• PubChem SID: 162248084
• PubChem CID: 16132283

CALCULATED PROPERTIES

• Acid pKa: 2.805534
• H Acceptors: 58
• H Donor: 55
• LogD (pH = 5.5): -27.818464
• LogD (pH = 7.4): -27.96897
• Log P: -27.814705
• Molar Refractivity: 881.4948 cm^3
• Polarizability: 337.44455 Å^3
• Polar Surface Area: 1538.74 Å^2
• Rotatable Bonds: 113
• Lipinski's Rule of Five: false

PROPERTIES

Safety Information

• German water hazard class: 3
• Storage Temperature: -20°C

Pharmacology Properties

• Gene Information: human ... GCG(2641)

Product Information

• Purity: ≥97.0% (HPLC)
• Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C153H225N43O49S

DETAILS

Sigma Aldrich - 91201

Amino Acid Sequence
His-Ser-Gln-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gln-Asp-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Met-Asn-Thr
Other Notes
Highly-conserved 29-amino acid polypeptide hormone produced by the pancreatic cells.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Glucagon is a 29-amino acid peptide hormone secreted by pancreatic α-cells that raises blood glucose and (indirectly) insulin levels.1 Glucagon acts via a G protein-coupled receptor, which results in the release of glucose 1-phosphate from glycogen.

Toronto Research Chemicals - G412200

Glucagon is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels. Glucagon is released by the pancreas when blood sugar (glucose) levels fall too low. Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose thus increasing glucos

REFERENCES

• Kieffer, T.J. et al.: Endocr. Rev., 20, 876 (2000)
• Wideman, R.D. et al.: Diabetes, 56, 2744 (2000)
• Chuang, J.-C. et al.: Mol. Endocrinol., 25, 1600 (2000)